Changes: Che Guevara

Latest revision as of 15:50, 29 January 2024

Ernesto Guevara de la Serna (June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as Che Guevara, el Che or simply Che, was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, guerrilla leader, diplomat, and military theorist. He was a major figure of the Cuban Revolution.

History

Despite suffering acute asthma, Che Guevara became a renowned revolutionary in Latin America, playing a pivotal role in the guerrilla campaign that overthrew the Batista regime in Cuba, 1959. Additionally, he was a prolific writer and diarist, composing a seminal manual on guerrilla warfare.

Six months after he and Fidel Castro overthrew Batista, Guevara visited Japan to participate in negotiations aimed at expanding Cuba's trade relations. During this time, he visited Hiroshima to see for himself how the city and its people were faring after the world’s first atomic bombing.^[1]

Guevara left Cuba in 1965 to foment revolution abroad, first unsuccessfully in Congo and later in Bolivia, where he was captured by CIA-assisted Bolivian forces and summarily executed.

Big Boss PW — Big Boss was often regarded in a similar manner to Guevara.

As a result of his perceived martyrdom, and desire to create the consciousness of a "new man" (Spanish: hombre nuevo) driven by moral rather than material incentives, he has evolved into an icon of various leftist movements, such as the Sandinista National Liberation Front. The Sandinista group exiled to Costa Rica during the Peace Walker Incident in 1974, held Guevara in high regard. He was also viewed with respect by several members of the mercenary group Militaires Sans Frontières, including its commander Big Boss, who referred to Jean-Paul Sartre's description of Guevara as "the century's most complete human being."^[2] KGB agent Vladimir Zadornov intended to mold Big Boss into an inspirational figure like Guevara, including gunning him down at age 39, in order to foment more socialist revolutions in Central America.

Behind the scenes

In Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker, Che Guevara is referenced several times in the audio briefings, and several aspects of his persona are discussed. Additionally, the main character, Big Boss, resembles Guevara in both appearance and circumstance, leading other characters in-game to point out the resemblance. Though he is largely portrayed in a positive light, Guevara's life and legacy remains a contentious issue in reality. On a related note, it was also the second time that a controversial figure from the Cuban Revolution was given a comparison to Big Boss, the first being in the original MSX2 release for Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake, which had George Kasler comparing Big Boss to U.S.-born Cuban revolutionary William Morton (the reference was later cut in the Virtual Console rerelease for the game).

Guevara played a key role in bringing to Cuba the Soviet nuclear-armed ballistic missiles that precipitated the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. A few weeks after the crisis, during an interview with socialist newspaper the Daily Worker, Guevara was still fuming over the perceived Soviet betrayal and told British correspondent Sam Russell that, if the missiles had been under Cuban control, they would have been fired.^[3] According to anti-communist Time magazine, Russell was told the missiles would all have been directed against the very heart of the United States, including New York, in response to an attack.^[4] While expounding on the missile crisis later, Guevara reiterated that the cause of socialist liberation against global "imperialist aggression" would ultimately have been worth the possibility of "millions of atomic war victims."^[5]

Despite this, Che was sensitive about the prospects of nuclear war, having paid respects to Hiroshima victims and listened to their stories.^[6] He openly denounced nuclear warfare in the UN and advocated complete nuclear disarmament,^[7] explaining that Cuba had a right to defend its territory with nuclear weapons in the same way as all other superpowers, unless they fully disarmed too.^[8]

Dummied dialogue for Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain indicated a full-fledged fight against Skull Face was planned, including dialogue for when the player is aiming a gun at him. One of his lines, if the player does not fire, is the same line as Che's last words.^[9]

Appearances

Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker (mentioned only)
Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes (Backstory, indirectly mentioned)

Notes and references

This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Che Guevara. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with the Metal Gear Wiki, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.

^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usYtK3d2ydk
^ https://web.archive.org/web/20120112210219/http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=27548&Cat=9&dt=10%2F9%2F2006
^ Anderson, Jon Lee (1997). Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life. New York: Grove Press.
"In an interview with Che a few weeks after the crisis, Sam Russell, a British correspondent for the socialist Daily Worker, found him still fuming over the Soviet betrayal. Alternately puffing a cigar and taking blasts on his asthma inhaler, he told Russell that if the missiles had been under Cuban control, they would have been fired."
^ Time magazine (December 1962). Cuba: Castro's Warhawk.
"...if the rockets had remained, we would have used them all and directed them against the very heart of the United States, including New York, in our defense against aggression. But we haven't got them, so we shall fight with what we've got."
^ Guevara, Ernesto; Deutschmann, David (1997). Che Guevara Reader: Writings by Ernesto Che Guevara on Guerrilla Strategy, Politics & Revolution. Ocean Press.
"Will imperialism continue to lose one position after another or will it, in its bestiality and as it threatened not long ago, launch a nuclear attack and burn the entire world in an atomic holocaust? We cannot say. We do assert, however, that we must follow the road of liberation even though it may cost millions of atomic war victims. In the struggle to death between two systems we cannot think of anything but the final victory of socialism or its relapse as a consequence of the nuclear victory of imperialist aggression."
^ http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201708040010.html
^ https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Discurso_en_la_ONU,_11_de_diciembre_de_1964
^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ekfej_kmHQ
^ https://www.reddit.com/gallery/s1a3q9?user_id=49592773&web_redirect=true

[1] ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usYtK3d2ydk

[2] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20120112210219/http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=27548&Cat=9&dt=10%2F9%2F2006

[3] Anderson, Jon Lee (1997). Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life. New York: Grove Press.
"In an interview with Che a few weeks after the crisis, Sam Russell, a British correspondent for the socialist Daily Worker, found him still fuming over the Soviet betrayal. Alternately puffing a cigar and taking blasts on his asthma inhaler, he told Russell that if the missiles had been under Cuban control, they would have been fired."

[4] Time magazine (December 1962). Cuba: Castro's Warhawk.
"...if the rockets had remained, we would have used them all and directed them against the very heart of the United States, including New York, in our defense against aggression. But we haven't got them, so we shall fight with what we've got."

[5] Guevara, Ernesto; Deutschmann, David (1997). Che Guevara Reader: Writings by Ernesto Che Guevara on Guerrilla Strategy, Politics & Revolution. Ocean Press.
"Will imperialism continue to lose one position after another or will it, in its bestiality and as it threatened not long ago, launch a nuclear attack and burn the entire world in an atomic holocaust? We cannot say. We do assert, however, that we must follow the road of liberation even though it may cost millions of atomic war victims. In the struggle to death between two systems we cannot think of anything but the final victory of socialism or its relapse as a consequence of the nuclear victory of imperialist aggression."

[6] ttp://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201708040010.html

[7] ttps://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Discurso_en_la_ONU,_11_de_diciembre_de_1964

[8] ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ekfej_kmHQ

[9] ttps://www.reddit.com/gallery/s1a3q9?user_id=49592773&web_redirect=true

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Character Infobox
-|realname = Ernesto Guevara
+|realname = Ernesto Guevara de la Serna
-|aliases = el Che <br /> Che
+|aliases = el Che<br />Che
+|image = https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/CheHigh.jpg/225px-CheHigh.jpg
-|image = {{-}}
 |nationality = Argentine
 |birth date = June 14, 1928 <br />Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
 |death date = October 9, 1967 <br />La Higuera, Vallegrande, Bolivia
+|age = 39 at death
-|hidep = 1
-|occupation = Guerrilla leader <br />Physician <br />Writer <br />Diplomat
+|occupation = Guerrilla leader, physician, writer, diplomat
 |games = ''[[Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker]]'' <small>(mentioned only)</small>
 }}
-'''Ernesto "Che" Guevara''' (June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as '''el Che''' or simply '''Che''', was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, guerrilla leader, diplomat, and military theorist. He was a major figure of the Cuban Revolution.
+'''Ernesto Guevara de la Serna''' (June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as '''Che Guevara''', '''el Che''' or simply '''Che''', was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, guerrilla leader, diplomat, and military theorist. He was a major figure of the Cuban Revolution.
 ==History==
+Despite suffering acute asthma, Che Guevara became a renowned revolutionary in Latin America, playing a pivotal role in the guerrilla campaign that overthrew the Batista regime in [[North American countries#Cuba|Cuba]], 1959. Additionally, he was a prolific writer and diarist, composing a seminal manual on guerrilla warfare.
+Six months after he and Fidel Castro overthrew Batista, Guevara visited Japan to participate in negotiations aimed at expanding Cuba's trade relations. During this time, he visited Hiroshima to see for himself how the city and its people were faring after the world’s first atomic bombing.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usYtK3d2ydk</ref>
-Despite suffering acute asthma, Che Guevara became a renowned revolutionary in Latin America, playing a pivotal role in the guerrilla campaign that overthrew the Batista regime in [[North American countries#Cuba|Cuba]], 1959. Additionally, he was a prolific writer and diarist, composing a seminal manual on guerrilla warfare. Guevara left Cuba in 1965 to foment revolution abroad, first unsuccessfully in Congo and later in Bolivia, where he was captured by [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]-assisted Bolivian forces and summarily executed.
+Guevara left Cuba in 1965 to foment revolution abroad, first unsuccessfully in Congo and later in Bolivia, where he was captured by [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]-assisted Bolivian forces and summarily executed.
 [[File:Big Boss PW.jpg|thumb|Big Boss was often regarded in a similar manner to Guevara.]]
-As a result of his perceived martyrdom, and desire to create the consciousness of a "new man" (Spanish: ''hombre nuevo'') driven by moral rather than material incentives, he has evolved into an icon of various leftist movements, such as the [[Sandinista National Liberation Front]]. The Sandinista group exiled to [[Costa Rica]] during the [[Peace Walker Incident]] in 1974, held Guevara in high regard. He was also viewed with respect by several members of the mercenary group [[Militaires Sans Frontières]], including its commander [[Big Boss]], who referred to [[Jean-Paul Sartre]]'s description of Guevara as "the century's most complete human being." [[KGB]] agent [[Vladimir Aleksandrovich Zadornov|Vladimir Zadornov]] intended to mold Big Boss into an inspirational figure like Guevara, including gunning him down at age 39, in order to foment more socialist revolutions in Central America.
+As a result of his perceived martyrdom, and desire to create the consciousness of a "new man" (Spanish: ''hombre nuevo'') driven by moral rather than material incentives, he has evolved into an icon of various leftist movements, such as the [[Sandinista National Liberation Front]]. The Sandinista group exiled to [[Costa Rica]] during the [[Peace Walker Incident]] in 1974, held Guevara in high regard. He was also viewed with respect by several members of the mercenary group [[Militaires Sans Frontières]], including its commander [[Big Boss]], who referred to [[Jean-Paul Sartre]]'s description of Guevara as "the century's most complete human being."<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120112210219/http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=27548&Cat=9&dt=10%2F9%2F2006</ref> [[KGB]] agent [[Vladimir Aleksandrovich Zadornov|Vladimir Zadornov]] intended to mold Big Boss into an inspirational figure like Guevara, including gunning him down at age 39, in order to foment more socialist revolutions in Central America.
 ==Behind the scenes==
+In ''[[Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker]]'', Che Guevara is referenced several times in the audio briefings, and several aspects of his persona are discussed. Additionally, the main character, Big Boss, resembles Guevara in both appearance and circumstance, leading other characters in-game to point out the resemblance. Though he is largely portrayed in a positive light, Guevara's life and legacy remains a contentious issue in reality. On a related note, it was also the second time that a controversial figure from the Cuban Revolution was given a comparison to Big Boss, the first being in the original MSX2 release for ''[[Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake]]'', which had [[George Kasler]] comparing Big Boss to U.S.-born Cuban revolutionary [[wikipedia:William Alexander Morton|William Morton]] (the reference was later cut in the Virtual Console rerelease for the game).
+Guevara played a key role in bringing to Cuba the Soviet nuclear-armed ballistic missiles that precipitated the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. A few weeks after the crisis, during an interview with socialist newspaper the ''Daily Worker'', Guevara was still fuming over the perceived Soviet betrayal and told British correspondent Sam Russell that, if the missiles had been under Cuban control, they would have been fired.<ref>Anderson, Jon Lee (1997). ''Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life''. New York: Grove Press. <br />"In an interview with Che a few weeks after the crisis, Sam Russell, a British correspondent for the socialist Daily Worker, found him still fuming over the Soviet betrayal. Alternately puffing a cigar and taking blasts on his asthma inhaler, he told Russell that if the missiles had been under Cuban control, they would have been fired."</ref> According to anti-communist ''Time'' magazine, Russell was told the missiles would all have been directed against the very heart of the United States, including New York, in response to an attack.<ref>''Time'' magazine (December 1962). ''Cuba: Castro's Warhawk''. <br />"...if the rockets had remained, we would have used them all and directed them against the very heart of the United States, including New York, in our defense against aggression. But we haven't got them, so we shall fight with what we've got."</ref> While expounding on the missile crisis later, Guevara reiterated that the cause of socialist liberation against global "imperialist aggression" would ultimately have been worth the possibility of "millions of atomic war victims."<ref>Guevara, Ernesto; Deutschmann, David (1997). ''Che Guevara Reader: Writings by Ernesto Che Guevara on Guerrilla Strategy, Politics & Revolution.'' Ocean Press. <br />"Will imperialism continue to lose one position after another or will it, in its bestiality and as it threatened not long ago, launch a nuclear attack and burn the entire world in an atomic holocaust? We cannot say. We do assert, however, that we must follow the road of liberation even though it may cost millions of atomic war victims. In the struggle to death between two systems we cannot think of anything but the final victory of socialism or its relapse as a consequence of the nuclear victory of imperialist aggression."</ref>
+Despite this, Che was sensitive about the prospects of nuclear war, having paid respects to Hiroshima victims and listened to their stories.<ref>http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201708040010.html</ref> He openly denounced nuclear warfare in the UN and advocated complete nuclear disarmament,<ref>https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Discurso_en_la_ONU,_11_de_diciembre_de_1964</ref> explaining that Cuba had a right to defend its territory with nuclear weapons in the same way as all other superpowers, unless they fully disarmed too.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ekfej_kmHQ</ref>
-In ''[[Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker]]'', Che Guevara is referenced several times in the audio briefings, and several aspects of his persona are discussed. Additionally, the main character, Big Boss, resembles Guevara in both appearance and circumstance, leading other characters in-game to point out the resemblance. Though he is largely portrayed in a positive light, Guevara's life and legacy remains a contentious issue in reality.
+Dummied dialogue for ''Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain'' indicated a full-fledged fight against [[Skull Face]] was planned, including dialogue for when the player is aiming a gun at him. One of his lines, if the player does not fire, is the same line as Che's last words.<ref>https://www.reddit.com/gallery/s1a3q9?user_id=49592773&web_redirect=true</ref>
-Guevara played a key role in bringing to Cuba the Soviet nuclear-armed ballistic missiles that precipitated the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. A few weeks after the crisis, during an interview with socialist newspaper the ''Daily Worker'', Guevara was still fuming over the perceived Soviet betrayal and told British correspondent Sam Russell that, if the missiles had been under Cuban control, they would have been fired.<ref>Anderson, Jon Lee (1997). ''Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life''. New York: Grove Press. <br />"In an interview with Che a few weeks after the crisis, Sam Russell, a British correspondent for the socialist Daily Worker, found him still fuming over the Soviet betrayal. Alternately puffing a cigar and taking blasts on his asthma inhaler, he told Russell that if the missiles had been under Cuban control, they would have been fired." </ref> According to anti-communist ''Time'' magazine, Russell was told the missiles would all have been directed against the very heart of the United States, including New York, in response to an attack.<ref>''Time'' magazine (December 1962). ''Cuba: Castro's Warhawk''. <br />"...if the rockets had remained, we would have used them all and directed them against the very heart of the United States, including New York, in our defense against aggression. But we haven't got them, so we shall fight with what we've got." </ref> While expounding on the missile crisis later, Guevara reiterated that the cause of socialist liberation against global "imperialist aggression" would ultimately have been worth the possibility of "millions of atomic war victims."<ref>Guevara, Ernesto; Deutschmann, David (1997). ''Che Guevara Reader: Writings by Ernesto Che Guevara on Guerrilla Strategy, Politics & Revolution.'' Ocean Press. <br />"Will imperialism continue to lose one position after another or will it, in its bestiality and as it threatened not long ago, launch a nuclear attack and burn the entire world in an atomic holocaust? We cannot say. We do assert, however, that we must follow the road of liberation even though it may cost millions of atomic war victims. In the struggle to death between two systems we cannot think of anything but the final victory of socialism or its relapse as a consequence of the nuclear victory of imperialist aggression." </ref> For unknown reasons, this tidbit was left out of ''Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker'' during conversations relating to either Che Guevara or the Cuban Missile Crisis.
 ==Appearances==
 * ''[[Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker]]'' <small>(mentioned only)</small>
-* ''[[Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes]]'' <small>(indirect mention; via backstory section)</small>
+* ''[[Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes]]'' <small>(Backstory, indirectly mentioned)</small>
 ==Notes and references==
@@ Line 34: / Line 40: @@
 {{reflist}}
 [[Category:Peace Walker Characters]]
+[[Category:Male Characters]]
+[[Category:Unseen Characters]]
+[[Category:Real People‎]]
+[[Category:Deceased Characters]]